Madeeha Syed

Removing makeup is important even though you just want to doze off when you come home. The makeup and dead skin cells may clog the pores and form a callus.

Before and After Make-up: How to Prep Your Skin and How to Clean It Off

This article or video has been vetted and verified by Meri Sehat’s specialists. It contains citations and research from validated sources.

Before And After Make-Up: How To Prep Your Skin And How To Clean It Off

Beat The Heat: What Happens When Heat, Sweat And Skin Collide

Overview

<p>The summer months can be a fun time for outdoor activities and spending time with friends. But if you&rsquo;re prone to chafing or rashes, they may not be so enjoyable.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

effect of heat on skin

<p dir="ltr">Chafing and rashes are a common problem, especially during the summer months. The main cause of these annoying conditions is sweat. When your skin gets wet and rubs against itself or another surface, it can become inflamed and tender to the touch.</p>

<p dir="ltr">When you put on clothes that are too tight or made with synthetic materials like lycra, they can act like a glue trap for sweat, which contributes to chafing and rashes by trapping moisture between your skin and clothing. Sweat can also irritate sensitive skin as it evaporates off of your body &mdash; this is why you should always wear breathable fabrics such as cotton when exercising outdoors or in an air-conditioned room on hot days.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Sweat is the main cause of chafing, but it&rsquo;s not the only one. Friction is also a major factor in causing irritation and soreness that can make you unable to enjoy your day-to-day activities.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>There&rsquo;s a rash for every occasion:</p>

<ul>
	<li><strong>Boob Rash:</strong> It&rsquo;s the bane of many a lady&rsquo;s existence, especially during sweaty summers and strenuous workouts. The friction of your bra rubbing against your skin causes irritation, which leads to red bumps and rashes.</li>
	<li><strong>Thigh Chafing:</strong> Similar to boob rash but on your legs instead of chest, thigh chafing is caused by the constant rubbing of clothing against bare skin as you walk or run around all day long &mdash; especially if you&rsquo;re wearing shorts or skirts!</li>
	<li><strong>Nipple Chafing:</strong> This is one particular type of nipple rash that can happen during pregnancy or breastfeeding when there&rsquo;s excess fluid flowing through those delicate glands in addition to sweat from exercise!<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p dir="ltr">Sweat itself doesn&rsquo;t cause chafing, but it can make things worse. If your skin is already sensitive to friction or susceptible to rashes and blisters, then sweat will make it even more sensitive.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">When you&rsquo;re trying to keep cool in the summer heat, it&rsquo;s easy to over-hydrate and end up with a gush of liquid dripping down your back as you walk around. When that happens, you might start thinking that all this sweat must be causing me some discomfort &mdash; but in reality, we just need a little bit more salt!</p>

<p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">These rashes could cause serious health problems if left untreated</p>

<p dir="ltr">Cuts and scrapes can lead to infections. Chafing can lead to blisters, and, in turn, those blisters can become infected.</p>

<p dir="ltr">Infections in the skin can cause damage that leaves you vulnerable to infection by other germs and even viruses like <a href="https://merisehat.pk/disease/hepatitis-b-113">Hepatitis B</a> and C or <a href="https://merisehat.pk/disease/hiv-61">HIV</a>, which can be fatal if left untreated.</p>

<p dir="ltr">To avoid these rashes in the first place, you need to keep the skin dry, reduce friction and stop rubbing your skin raw.</p>

<p dir="ltr">A rash is an uncomfortable, and sometimes painful, skin condition that can occur due to a variety of reasons. The most common cause of rashes is sweat and friction. To avoid these rashes in the first place, you need to keep the skin dry, reduce friction and stop rubbing your skin raw.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Avoiding Sweat And Friction:</strong> Using a lubricant between two surfaces that rub together without causing much wear (skin against fabric) will help prevent chafing and blisters caused by sweating under heavy loads or tight-fitting clothing like cycling jerseys or hiking shorts. Silicone-based lubricants work well because they stay slick longer than water-based lubricants; however, they&rsquo;re not as safe for use around water because silicone doesn&rsquo;t absorb into fabrics so it can be slippery when wet!</p>

<p><strong>Keeping Skin Dry:</strong> You should apply sunscreen before you go outside since sun exposure makes you more susceptible to getting burned &mdash; especially if there isn&rsquo;t any breeze to cool down your body temperature during long runs outdoors (or even short ones).<br />
A good rule of thumb is that if it&rsquo;s hot outside but feels less humid than usual then put on sunscreen anyway just in case because humid conditions make it harder for sweat from evaporating off our bodies which means we need more frequent hydration breaks during long workouts outside in summer heat waves!<br />
Don&rsquo;t forget about protecting yourself against UV rays too because even though clouds may block direct sunlight from reaching us directly down here on earth&rsquo;s surface &mdash; they don&rsquo;t block UV rays which come through holes in them called &ldquo;glare points.&rdquo; These glares points are responsible for generating many different kinds of reflections including glare reflection off surfaces such as pavements when walking along city streets.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>The first rule of treating any skin condition is not to try to rub it off. The rubbing can make it worse, and you may introduce bacteria into the area, which could cause inflammation and infection. The best thing to do is keep the area dry by using talcum powder or a non-oily moisturizer with a high water-content like Vaseline or Petroleum Jelly.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h4><strong>&quot;Most rashes will clear up within a few days after you adopt prevention techniques that keep your skin dry and limit friction&quot;</strong><br />
&nbsp;</h4>

<p dir="ltr">If you&rsquo;re at risk of developing a rash, it&rsquo;s best to take the following precautions:</p>

<ul>
	<li>Use a towel to dry off immediately after swimming or sweating.</li>
	<li>Apply a moisturizer with an SPF of at least 30 every morning and reapply in the afternoon if you plan on being outside for longer than an hour.</li>
	<li>If you are wearing clothes that rub against your skin, use an anti-chafing product such as zinc oxide paste until your rash clears up and then switch to a heavier formula like dimethicone which will protect against future rashes. You may also want to try tea tree oil or aloe vera gel if those options appeal more strongly than using medication prescribed by a healthcare professional.<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>The best way to prevent chafing while running is to take steps before your run. You can start with a good exfoliating shower and apply some body lotion or cream to dry areas. Then, wear the right clothes. Make sure they fit you well and aren&rsquo;t too tight or too loose where it counts &mdash; the thighs and crotch area are particularly susceptible to chafing.</p>

<p dir="ltr">Lastly, you should use products like Vaseline on dry spots before you hit the road. These products will help protect against rubbing and chafing during exercise so that when it&rsquo;s time for your next long run, all of those miles won&#39;t be spent dealing with embarrassing rashes instead of crossing finish lines! However, this is not just limited to the girlies who are active. Even when you are going on with your daily life, you can always incorporate these hacks to make summers more comfortable for you.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

Bottom Line

<p dir="ltr">We know that dealing with these rashes can be frustrating. We want you to know that there is hope, though! They are all preventable, and it&rsquo;s not just about following the rules of hygiene either. You need to keep your skin dry and limit friction by wearing loose clothing and changing out of sweaty clothes as soon as possible after an activity ends. If you find yourself with a rash or chafing, don&rsquo;t try rubbing it off&mdash;that will only make things worse! Instead let your body heal naturally by keeping the affected area clean and dry until the symptoms subside on their own.</p>

Umna Salah

Online Consultation

Iqra Mazhar

This article or video has been recorded by a subject / domain specialists with a proven track record of excellence in their area. 

Sunscreens: SPF Explained!

Introduction

<p>SPF 15 blocks 93% of UVB rays, and SPF 30 blocks 97% of the UVB rays. Moreover, SPF 50 blocks 98% of the UVB rays. Experts recommend using between SPF 30 and 50 for sufficient protection against the sun. However, for complete protection, you might want to go above SPF 50+.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

Understanding SPF In Sunscreens

<p dir="ltr">You also need to make sure that your <a href="https://merisehat.pk/article/retinoids-and-sunscreen-a-love-affair">sunscreen</a> is broad-spectrum, which means that it should have both UVA and UVB rays. Both UVA and UVB rays have overlapping effects. They can cause burns and premature ageing. However, UVA rays are for dark spots and fine lines, while UVB rays play a very significant role in the production of sunburns and cancer.</p>

<p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p>

<p>Everyone who is under the sun should be wearing sunscreen, no matter what their skin tone is.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>How Much Sunscreen Do You Need?</strong></h5>

<p>You need half a teaspoon of sunscreen for your face and neck, and one ounce for your entire body. Since sunscreens break down with time, it is recommended that you re-apply it every two hours, and more frequently if you sweat a lot or if you are a swimmer. In both cases, your sunscreen breaks down faster. Moreover, the best practice is to use sunscreen at least thirty minutes before sun exposure.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">There are two types of sunscreens, mineral sunscreen and physical sunscreen. But which one is better? Both mineral and physical sunscreens absorb UV rays and help in preventing skin damage. However, mineral sunscreen also reflects some UV rays. So, the conclusion is that neither is better than the other because they both use different active ingredients. The actives in chemical sunscreens are avobenzone and homosalvate. Moreover, mineral sunscreens contain zinc oxide and titanium.</p>

<p dir="ltr">In addition to sunscreen, the American Cancer Society also recommends having a holistic approach to sun protection. They recommend wearing protective clothing, avoiding tanning beds, and seeking shade between 10 am to 4 pm. All of these can cause long-term skin damage and contribute to skin cancer.</p>

<p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Which Sunscreen Is The Best?</strong></h5>

<p dir="ltr">The best sunscreen is the one that you will want to wear every day. Sunscreens are available based on your skin type and complexion, which easily blend into the skin. There is a right pick for everyone.</p>

<p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<h5>&nbsp;</h5>

<ul>
	<li>
	<h5><strong>Protects Your Skin</strong></h5>
	</li>
</ul>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">Sunscreens protect your skin from UV rays that are harmful to the skin because the depletion of the ozone layer has increased our chances of sun damage. Sunscreens block these rays, which reduces the likeliness of sunburn. Furthermore, look for a sunscreen that is no less than 30+ SPF to use every day. For full-body coverage, you will need to use at least one ounce of sunscreen.</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<ul>
	<li>
	<h5><strong>Lowers The Risk Of Skin Cancer</strong></h5>
	</li>
</ul>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">The most common form of cancer in the United States is skin cancer<sup><a href="#accordion">[1]</a></sup>. According to CDC, 71,943 people had been diagnosed with melanomas of the skin in 2013. In addition, 9,394 of them were fatal<sup><a href="#accordion">[2]</a></sup>. When you apply sunscreen every day, you reduce your risk of getting skin cancer to half.</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
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<div class="content">
<div>
<ul>
	<li>
	<h5><strong>Prevents Premature Aging Of The Skin</strong></h5>
	</li>
</ul>
</div>

<div>
<p style="margin-left:0; margin-right:0">UV rays damage the skin and cause photoaging. It is characterized by a thick and leathery look in addition to discoloration and breakdown of collagen which causes wrinkles or sagging. Studies say that those who apply sunscreen religiously before the age of 55 have 24% fewer chances of developing signs of ageing, compared to those who don&rsquo;t<sup><a href="#accordion">[3]</a></sup>.</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
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<div class="content">
<div>
<h3 dir="auto">&nbsp;</h3>
</div>

<div>
<ul>
	<li>
	<h5><strong>Maintains The Skin Tone</strong></h5>
	</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

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<div class="content">
<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">Sunscreen protects the skin from discoloration and dark spots caused by sun damage. It helps you in maintaining a smoother and more even skin tone.&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<p>It has been recommended that infants, seniors, and people who have had a history of skin cancer take extra precautions against skin cancer because their skin is vulnerable. Everyone should prioritize using sunscreen before stepping outdoors and avoid prolonged exposure to the sun. A wide-brim hat and ultraviolet protection clothing are also helpful in protecting against UV rays.</p>

<p>Infants have very sensitive skin. Therefore, babies under six months should avoid spending a lot of time under direct sun. Moreover, infants and toddlers who are older than six months with thinner skin should use sunscreen that contains zinc oxide and titanium oxide. Zinc and titanium do not irritate the skin because they don&rsquo;t penetrate it and sit on the surface instead, deflecting UV radiation.&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

Key Points

<ul><li style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Sunscreens are important because UV rays penetrate deep into the skin, causing damage, wrinkling, and photoaging. All of which contribute to skin cancer. Moreover, UVB rays are the biggest contributors to skin cancer and are more prevalent during the day.</span></li><li style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 1rem; letter-spacing: 0.2px;">SPF protects your skin from the sun, meaning if you’re using SPF 15, you can stay in the sun fifteen times longer compared to without protection.</span></li><li style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 1rem; letter-spacing: 0.2px;">You should look out for sunscreens that provide broad-spectrum protection, are water-resistant, and have active ingredients. For example, zinc and titanium oxide.</span></li></ul><p><br></p>

[1] Guy Jr, G.P., Machlin, S.R., Ekwueme, D.U. and Yabroff, K.R., 2015. Prevalence and costs of skin cancer treatment in the US, 2002− 2006 and 2007− 2011. American journal of preventive medicine, 48(2), pp.183-187.

[2] US Department of Health and Human Services, 2014. Skin cancer as a major public health problem. In The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer. Office of the Surgeon General (US).

[3] Sander, M., Sander, M., Burbidge, T. and Beecker, J., 2020. The efficacy and safety of sunscreen use for the prevention of skin cancer. CMAJ, 192(50), pp.E1802-E1808.

[4] Gallagher, R.P., 2005. Sunscreens in melanoma and skin cancer prevention. Cmaj, 173(3), pp.244-245.

[5] Tavares, R., da silva Paulitsch, F. and Zhang, L., 2018. Use of sunscreen and risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of dermatology, 28(2), pp.186-201.

Staff Writer

Everything You Need To Know About Micropigmentation

<p>Contemporary micropigmentation, cosmetic tattoos, or permanent makeup is applicable to the brows, lashes and lips. While a &ldquo;delicate pink complexion&rdquo; can still be achieved, modern clients lean more towards freckle tattoos instead.&nbsp;</p>

<p>These services are widely available and exist in a variety of budgets depending upon the studio size, portfolio and skill level of the cosmetologist or tattoo artist. Micropigmentation is different from <a href="https://merisehat.pk/article/everything-you-need-to-know-about-getting-and-removing-a-tattoo">regular tattoos</a> in that it uses iron oxide pigments, glycerin, and water rather than ink. However, the process still has potential downsides and requires diligent aftercare.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This is a comprehensive guide on six cosmetic tattoo options, including their benefits, risks, and modes of application.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

Everything About Micropigmentation

<p>&nbsp;Currently, the most popular type of cosmetic tattoo is known as microblading. It is performed to achieve an appearance of fuller brows and includes micro-strokes that mimic (or appear as shadows of) the actual hair on one&rsquo;s brows.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Since the blade makes repeated incisions into the skin, it makes scratching sounds that might make some people feel uncomfortable.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This could be an excellent solution for people suffering from eyebrow madarosis, a condition which causes sparse brows. It could also be extremely useful for someone who has damaged brows due to scar tissue in the area.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Retouch:</strong> 18-30 months.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Lip tattoos provide the appearance of slightly blurred, fuller, and pink lips. While the trend originally started out as a permanent lip liner, it has now evolved to cover the entire surface area. The most popular colours are all shades of orange, pink, and red.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Since the process involves depositing pigments through microneedles into the skin, clients are advised to avoid blood-thinning substances such as coffee, aspirin, ibuprofen, fish oil, alcohol, and niacin (found in meat, poultry, peanuts, and some other foods) prior to the treatment.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Lip blushing gives the appearance of fuller lips without the use of cosmetic surgery. However, it is more painful than other cosmetic tattoo types because of the sensitivity of the area. While numbing creams are applied, you might still witness some discomfort.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>It takes around two weeks to heal, and you will have the appearance of a fresh lip filler for some days.Some tattoo artists will offer text or images on the surface. However, that classifies as traditional lip tattoos and involves the use of ink rather than pigments.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This is a great solution for people who suffer from perpetual anaemia or Addison&rsquo;s disease (a medical condition that causes lips to darken).&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Retouch: </strong>4-5 years.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>This involves depositing pigments into the surface area of the lash line. It gives the appearance of fuller brows. For people who want a permanent eyeliner, a variety of shapes can be chosen from (cat-eye or winged, for example) and tattooed just above the lash line.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Since this method involves close contact with the hair follicles on lashes, which are more delicate than those on the brows, it runs the risk of lash loss.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This can be preferred as treatment for people who have pale lashes. The tattoo would give their eyelashes a defined look so they won&rsquo;t need to use makeup.</p>

<p><strong>Retouch:</strong> Annually&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Freckle tattoos have become a popular trend recently. This involves pigmentation either through a rotary motor or by hand with a needle. Each freckle requires around four pokes to complete.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Retouch</strong>: It depends upon the way your skin metabolises the ink; anaemic people require frequent retouches as the skin absorbs iron-based pigments faster.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>This is the same as eyebrow microblading, but for the scalp. It&rsquo;s usually a good solution for people suffering from alopecia or male pattern baldness.</p>

<p><strong>Retouch:</strong> 12 to 18 months<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>As the name suggests, this type of cosmetic tattoo covers up scar tissue. The cosmetologist or tattoo artist will typically combine white and orange pigments to achieve your exact skin tone and then deposit the pigment on to a scar tissue or stretch marked area. However, this method is only applicable to hypertrophic scars as the process can&rsquo;t conceal keloids.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It is important to note that the pigments can separate over time and make the scar even more apparent than before. This is useful for trauma survivors, patients who went through major operations, individuals suffering from chickenpox scars or even those who feel uncomfortable with their stretch marks.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Retouch:</strong> 2-5 years&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>There are also other treatments, such as corneal and scleral tattoos (for people who have cataracts) and tattoos that limit the appearance of arthritis.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, all types of micropigmentation carry the risk of infection and require diligent aftercare as well as a visit to the cosmetologist after six weeks to ensure safety.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In the long run, cosmetic tattoos can get inflamed in MRI scans. Not to mention that micropigmentation removal can sometimes be dangerous and counterproductive in terms of appearance (the lip <a href="https://merisehat.pk/article/everything-you-need-to-know-about-getting-and-removing-a-tattoo" target="_blank">tattoo removal</a>, for example, can cause black pigmentation if done incorrectly).&nbsp;</p>

<p>Therefore, any decisions made with regards to cosmetic tattoos should be carefully evaluated and thoroughly researched beforehand. You&rsquo;d want to ask the tattoo artist or cosmetologist for their qualifications, years of experience, and a portfolio of their previous work before you decide to go in for a treatment.&nbsp;</p>

Zuha Malik

A. JABBAR DENTAL CLINIC

Sadia Khan

Retinoids and Sunscreen - A Love Affair

<p>In recent years, retinol has gained significant popularity in the <a href="https://merisehat.pk/article/the-trinity-of-skincare">skincare </a>market because of its anti-aging benefits and beneficial effects on acne and skin tone. Retinoids are a class of drugs derived from vitamin A. Retinoids includes both over-the-counter products in doses up to 2% and prescription medication. Both retinol and retinoic acid fall under the umbrella of retinoids.</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Retinoids have been proven to encourage cell turnover, </span><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal;">treat </span><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">acne, fight hyperpigmentation, stimulate collagen, and soften wrinkles in multiple studies. However, with so much information available about retinoids, the dos and don’ts can get quite complicated.&nbsp;</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br></span></p>

Understanding Use Of Retinoids And Sunscreen In Skincare

<p dir="ltr">Retinols are over the counter formulations of vitamin A that when applied to the skin undergo a chemical transformation and turn into retinoic acid. However, prescription retinoids are more potent because they have already undergone that chemical transformation. Retinoic acid is the active ingredient which does all the magic. The true benefits of retinoids are more complex than just anti-aging. The retinoids work at the skin&rsquo;s cellular level, increase the production of collagen, and decrease collagen breakdown. They help improve the general tone and texture of the skin.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">With consistent use, retinoids reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Moreover, some people even report a more even complexion and clearer skin with the use of retinoids. The vitamin A formulation also helps fight acne. Walk into a dermatologist&rsquo;s office and the chances are that they&rsquo;ll recommend two products: retinol and sunscreen. While SPF is a no-brainer because of the harmful effects of the sun, dermatologists consider retinoids and sunscreen the gold standard ingredients for any skincare regime. Several studies have shown that the ingredients don&rsquo;t only slow the signs of aging, but also reverse them!</p>

<p dir="ltr">But it&rsquo;s not as simple as that. As wonderful as the benefits of retinoids and sunscreen may sound, there are a few ground rules. SPF is non-negotiable! Especially, when it comes to regular use of retinoids and sun exposure.</p>

<p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">Retinoids, including retinol, retinoic acid and retinyl palmitate, are derivatives of vitamin A, a key nutrient for boosting cell turnover. It&rsquo;s a popular topical skincare ingredient for promoting skin renewal, reducing acne, and boosting collagen production. The vitamin functions like an antioxidant that helps fight free radical damage which leads to visible signs of aging.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">Retinoids get rid of dull skin, clogged pores, and dead skin cells. They are available as serums, gels, creams, and emollients. Though, retinol makes the skin more sensitive to the sun. The photosensitivity comes with the way retinoids work. While retinoids boost cell turnover and eliminate dull skin cells, they also leave the new skin cells unprotected. This can cause them to easily burn. Therefore, it is essential to use a broad-spectrum sunscreen, even if you&rsquo;re staying inside all day.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">The key to safely using retinoids is sunscreen. It is recommended that you apply and reapply sunscreen every day to avoid sunburn when retinoid is a part of your skincare routine. Below are some sun safety tips to keep your skin healthy when using retinoids:&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Apply at least an ounce of sunscreen to your face and body. There is no such thing as too much sunscreen! Remember to apply it to your ears, neck, and back of your hands.&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Essentially, sunscreen should be reapplied every 2 hours. But if you feel that your skin needs more SPF, reapply earlier.&nbsp;</li>
	<li>For even more sun protection, cover up with a hat, and sunglasses, and wear long sleeves and pants to protect yourself from the sun.&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Try and stay indoors during peak sunlight hours between 10 am and 4 pm.</li>
</ul>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">There is a lot of ambiguity when it comes to introducing retinoids to your skincare routine. When should you apply it? How often should you apply it? Why does it irritate the skin? How long before you start seeing results? And so on. We&rsquo;ve answered the most common retinoids FAQs below:&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<h5><strong>1. How To Use Retinol?</strong></h5>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">Dermatologists recommend that you apply retinol at night, after cleansing and drying your skin. If you&rsquo;ve just introduced retinol to your skincare routine, start with a lower strength and apply only a small pea-size amount. Applying it as a part of your nighttime routine is best because it gives your skin a chance to recover overnight. More importantly, avoid sun exposure as much as possible. Sunlight breaks down the retinoid and reduces its effectiveness. You can also start using it just on alternate nights and slowly work your way up to every night.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">Reminder: When using retinoids as a part of your nighttime skincare regimen, it is absolutely critical to use sunscreen during the day. Not only does it help protect your skin from the sun but also maintains the efficacy of your topical retinoid.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">If you have dry skin, you can pair your retinoid with a simple moisturizer. Studies have shown that layering topical retinoids over a moisturizer can minimize skin irritation without interfering with its potency.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<h5><strong>2. How Should You Layer Your Other Skincare Products With Retinoids?</strong></h5>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">Although dermatologists are a bit divided on how you should layer your skincare products, a clear majority agree that you should start from the thinnest consistency product to the thickest. For example, you can start with a toner, followed by a serum, and apply any topical treatments like retinoids, and then lotions or creams at the end. If you&rsquo;re using multiple serums, then start with the serum having the thinnest consistency.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">It is also essential to let each layer of your skincare products fully absorb before you apply the next one. Rule of thumb: always start with a clean face. Layering products correctly is important if you want them to work. If you&rsquo;re applying toner after a serum, the second product will not penetrate the skin. The serum&rsquo;s large molecules will lock out the toner&rsquo;s smaller molecules. You&rsquo;ll just be wasting the product.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<h5><strong>3. When Should You Introduce Retinoids To Your Skincare Routine?</strong></h5>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">For many years, retinoids have been a holy grail for women in their 30s. But now many women in their 20s are motivated to introduce retinoids to their skincare routine. Either because of early signs of aging or simply to get a head start on the benefits of retinoids. Your mid-twenties are a great time to introduce retinoids under the supervision of your dermatologist. Many women have been swearing by it for years.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<h5><strong>4. Should You Use Retinoids In The Summer?</strong></h5>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">There is a lot of misinformation about when and how to use retinoids. For example, one such myth is that you shouldn&rsquo;t be using retinoids in the summer because it makes the skin more sensitive to the sun. So, let&rsquo;s dig into this common myth. Introducing retinoids to your skin in the summer is actually a good idea because your skin tends to be more moisturized during warmer months. Whereas in winter, the skin tends to feel drier. Additional hydration because of the humidity may actually prevent the dryness and flaking that often accompanies retinoid use.&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<p style="margin-left:0; margin-right:0">&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<h5><strong>5. Can You Apply Retinoids Around The Eyes?</strong></h5>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">It is typically assumed that the area around the eyes is very sensitive to using retinoids. However, the area around your eyes is the first area the wrinkles appear and can benefit most from the collagen-stimulating effects of retinoids. If you have sensitive skin around the eyes, you can also just layer the skin with a moisturizer or eye cream followed by the retinoid.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">&nbsp;</p>
</div>

<ul style="list-style-type:none !important; margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div>
<div class="container" style="max-width:1320px; padding:0px; width:966.007px">
<div class="content">
<div>
<h5><strong>6. Will A Stronger Retinoid Give Better And Faster Results?</strong></h5>
</div>

<div>
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">As far as strength is concerned, there is a common misconception that the strongest formula will provide faster results. But jumping into the strongest formula will do you more harm than good. You need to build a tolerance for retinoids first. If you begin with the strongest formula, you can even have irritating side effects.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">Similarly, what works well for one person may not for the other. While there are many over-the-counter formulas available, speak with a dermatologist and they will help you decide what percentage strength, frequency, and formula work best for your skin type.</p>

<p dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0px !important; margin-right:0px !important">&nbsp;</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<ul>
	<li>Retinoids are a vitamin A derivative that can help improve the texture of the skin and combat skin conditions, such as acne.</li>
	<li>Retinoids also increase cell turnover and stimulate the production of collagen, providing anti-aging effects.</li>
	<li>Common side effects of retinoids include itchy, dry skin and redness. However, these side effects can easily be managed by layering the retinoids with a moisturizer.&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Retinoids are a great addition to your skincare routine. Fortunately, you can now choose from different options of gels, creams, and serums &ndash; whatever suits your skin best. This makes it easy for almost anyone to tolerate a retinoid.&nbsp;</li>
	<li>As popular as retinoids are, they also increase skin&rsquo;s sensitivity to the sun, so make sure you&rsquo;re investing in a broad-spectrum SPF with the retinoids. While some amount of irritation is normal, be sure to consult a dermatologist if anything goes out of hand!&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

AL SHIFA CLINIC KARACHI

Syed Intisar Hussain

What’s Causing The Itch – Scabies Or Bedbugs?

<p><a href="https://www.merisehat.pk/disease/scabies">Scabies is a contagious and itchy skin condition</a> caused by the mite, <em>Sarcoptes scabiei</em>, whereas bed bugs are blood-sucking insects of the species <em>Cimex lectularius</em> and <em>Cimex hemipterus.</em></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

Understanding Differences Between Scabies And Bed Bugs

<p>Scabies is a skin condition that causes intense itching in the area infested by the mite, <em>Sarcoptes scabiei</em>. The mite burrows within the skin, resulting in severe itching which is worse at night. This highly contagious skin condition can spread via close physical contact, or skin-to-skin contact. Thus, family members are at the highest risk. For this reason, entire families or contact groups are often recommended to get treated. Scabies is treated with topical medications that kill the mites and their eggs. However, the itching may persist even several weeks after treatment.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>In 2009, The World Health Organization declared scabies a neglected skin disease. It continues to be a significant health concern in developing countries around the world. Misdiagnosis of scabies and delay in treatment can lead to increased outbreaks<sup><a href="#accordion">[1]</a></sup>.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Scabies infects 300 million individuals each year and is a significant health concern in Southeast Asia, South America, Australia, and Africa<sup><a href="#accordion">[1].</a></sup> It is more common in children and young adults. The high prevalence of scabies in these geographic regions can be blamed on poverty, inadequate hygiene, and poor nutritional status. Moreover, cases in these regions are associated with a significant number of deaths, and complications such as abscesses, inflammation in the kidneys, and swelling of the lymph nodes.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>The outbreak of scabies in high income countries is known to occur either sporadically (a disease that occurs infrequently or irregularly), or in schools, nursing homes, hospitals, overcrowded areas and prisons<sup><a href="#accordion">[1]</a></sup><span style="font-size:10.8333px">.</span>&nbsp;Scabies is also common in places caring for the elderly, immunocompromised and debilitated.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>The mites that cause scabies burrow in the upper layer of the skin where they lay eggs. Scabies commonly presents as papules, pustules, and nodules. The most common symptom of scabies is a pimple-like rash. However, occasionally, it may present as urticarial papules and plaques. Scabies is found in all races and social classes and can spread rapidly in crowded conditions. In some cases, scabies may also present with crusted scabies, also known as Norwegian scabies.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Norwegian scabies is a severe form of scabies that occur in people with a weak immune system, or the elderly and debilitated. The thick crusts of skin are infested with a large number of mites and their eggs. Crusted scabies is very contagious and can spread via skin-to-skin contact or exposure to clothing, furniture, and bedding. Scabies is generally diagnosed based on history and physical examination. Microscopic examination of patients demonstrates mites and eggs. The skin condition is generally treated with topical or oral therapies.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>There are different forms of scabies:&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li><strong>Crusted (Norwegian):</strong> A characteristic feature of this type of scabies is that it is common in people with a faulty immune system. Norwegian scabies tends to cover a large area of skin. In crusted scabies, you may have millions of mites and not just 10 to 15 mites as with classic scabies.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li><strong>Nodular:</strong> Nodular scabies present with brown-red nodules that are present even long after the mites are gone.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li><strong>Bullous:</strong> Bullous scabies is often mistaken for bullous pemphigoid, a rare skin condition that causes blisters on the skin.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li><strong>Scalp</strong>: This type of scabies occurs on the scalp and may mimic psoriasis.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Over the past few decades, bedbugs have become significantly more common in homes, apartments, schools, and healthcare facilities. The resurgence of bedbugs is largely blamed on international travel, along with less effective insecticide and pest control practices. Bedbugs are blood-sucking insects that bite humans to cause cutaneous reactions. The reactions may cause small macular lesions that develop into distinctive lesions of about 5 cm in diameter.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>As with scabies, bedbugs&rsquo; bites also cause intense itching. Therefore, they are often confused with scabies. In some cases, bedbugs may also cause bullous lesions (fluid-filled blisters), urticaria, or erythematous rashes (skin rash caused by inflamed blood capillaries).&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>There are over 40 different pathogens that have been detected in bedbugs. However, there is currently no evidence that bedbugs transmit any of the disease-causing pathogens to humans. Though, when bedbugs are numerous, they can cause anemia and trigger asthmatic reactions. Bedbugs are small, oval, and brownish insects that have flat bodies and feed on the blood of humans and animals. After feeding, their bodies swell and become reddish in color. While bedbugs do not fly, they can move over floors, walls, and ceilings. Female bedbugs lay hundreds of eggs about the size of a speck of dust throughout their lifetime. The immature bedbugs, known as nymphs, shed their skin a few times before reaching maturity. However, the bedbugs require blood before each shedding. What&rsquo;s more, under favorable conditions, the bedbugs can produce three or more generations per year. While the bedbugs are a nuisance, they do not spread disease.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Bedbugs can enter homes through couches, used beds, clothing, luggage, and other furniture items. Similarly, because of their flat bodies, they can easily fit into tiny spaces such as mattresses, bed frames and headboards, and bite people at night. Bedbugs live in groups and may scatter throughout the bedroom over time. However, they survive only on blood and are usually active during the night, biting people when they are asleep. The bedbugs pierce the skin and suck blood through their elongated beaks. Most bites are painless at first, till they become itchy welts. In addition, the bedbugs usually bite around exposed skin and resemble the itching and welts caused by mosquitoes. Thus, they can be mistaken for mosquito bites. For this reason, you may have to find and identify the bugs to confirm the diagnosis.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Scabies and bedbugs are often mistaken for each other because they both cause itchy bites that resemble mosquito bites or eczema. However, both are caused by different organisms and have different treatments. Therefore, it is crucial to properly identify the pests and know the difference between the two to best treat the bites and handle the infestation. Both scabies and bedbugs cause itching, but present with different symptoms.&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Scabies presents with the following symptoms:&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Intense itching, especially at night</li>
	<li>Scaly rash with pimples and blisters</li>
	<li>Visible burrows on the skin that may look raised, or like crooked lines with the greyish-white surrounding skin<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>The scabies symptoms may be experienced across the body or certain areas, for example, the wrist, elbow, armpit, between the fingers, nipple, breast, shoulder blades, waist, penis, and buttocks. Children may have a rash on their head, face, neck, palms, and soles of feet. However, the rash is less common in older children and adults. Scratching excessively may cause skin sores that may lead to a skin infection.&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Bedbugs cause bite marks that usually appear when a person is asleep, and are only noticed once awake. The marks may either appear soon after being bit, or 14 days later. You won&rsquo;t feel it when a bedbug bites, because the bugs excrete a small amount of anesthetic before sucking the blood. It may sometimes take a few days for the bedbugs&rsquo; symptoms to develop. Whereas some people may not develop any symptoms from the bedbugs. However, if symptoms do appear, they can include:&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Multiple welts in a zig-zag pattern&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Red or swollen bites that may appear similar to a mosquito or flea bite</li>
	<li>Intense itching</li>
	<li>Irritation&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Blood stains on the sheet or bedding&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Sweet, musky odor&nbsp;in the room&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Shells on the bedding&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Small black specks, or bedbug dirt on bedding<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>In some cases, bedbug bites may present with anxiety, insomnia, and skin infections because of excessive scratching. However, in some cases, patients may not experience any symptoms. Whereas others may present with an allergic reaction or painful swellings. Seek immediate medical help if a person experiences an extreme allergic reaction, such as:<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Difficulty breathing,&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Swelling in the mouth&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Sore throat&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Fainting&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Dizziness&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Nausea&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Vomiting&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Weak pulse&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>If you wake up with itchy skin, then you may have bedbugs. Especially, if you purchased used furniture around the time the bites started. Other signs that your house may be infested with bedbugs include:&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Blood stains on the bed sheets and pillows&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Bedbug dirt and dark or rusty spots on the bedsheets, bedclothes, mattresses, and walls&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Bedbug spots and eggshells where the bedbugs hide</li>
	<li>Musty odor from the scent glands on the bugs&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>If you suspect an infestation, then remove all bedding and check for signs of bedbugs. Remove the mattress, dust cover and wood framing. Check the area around the bed, edge of the carpet, inside books and in electrical outlets. Also check your closet because bedbugs can attach to clothing too. Call an exterminator because they will know best what to look for and where to look for the bedbugs. If you find signs of infestation, get rid of the bedbugs and prevent their return.&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Scabies&nbsp;</strong></h5>

<p>The mites that cause scabies are arthropods, meaning that they have &lsquo;jointed legs&rsquo;. Clinically scabies presents in three variants, classic, nodular or crusted variant. The scabies mites live in the top layers of the skin in both humans and animals and are known to cause a common skin condition worldwide. The infestation of the female mites begins when the mites burrow into the outermost layer of the skin and lay their eggs. The mites later develop into larvae, nymphs, and adults. The mites transfer via skin-to-skin contact and can also transfer via clothing or bedding. Scabies may cause a rash on the palms, soles and under the fingernails. The adult female mite lays two to three eggs daily and the eggs hatch after 2 to 3 weeks. The mites die after 30 to 60 days. After infestation, the papules may appear in 2 to 5 weeks.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Bedbugs&nbsp;</strong></h5>

<p>Bedbugs are generally transmitted through close contact and less often through bedding, or sharing of clothing with an infected person. Bedbugs&rsquo; infestation may be because of more frequent travel, insecticide resistance, or changes in practices of pest control.&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Scabies and bedbugs usually do not cause any serious problems, but you will need treatment for both and to handle the bedbug situation in your house.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Scabies&nbsp;</strong></h5>

<p>The American Academy of Dermatology Association recommends treating scabies with topical medication, such as:&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>5% permethrin, the medication is suitable for children and pregnant women</li>
	<li>10% crotamiton&nbsp;</li>
	<li>25% benzyl benzoate</li>
	<li>5-10% sulfur</li>
	<li>1% lindane</li>
	<li>Ivermectin is useful for the treatment of Norwegian or crusted scabies and has no side effects.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>People who are in close contact with those who have scabies will also require treatment, even if they present with no signs and symptoms. This includes people who work closely with or live with people who have scabies, as well as any sexual partners. It is also recommended to use a scabicide. These products are used to kill the mite and their eggs. However, they are only available on a doctor&rsquo;s prescription. There are currently no over-the-counter products to treat scabies. In addition, in case of a scabies outbreak in a nursing home, all visitors, staff and residents should be treated for scabies even if they do not show any symptoms.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Bedbugs&nbsp;</strong></h5>

<ul>
	<li>Over-the-counter treatments for treating bedbugs include:&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Wash the bites with soap and water to prevent itching and infection&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Take antihistamines</li>
	<li>Treat the bites with an antiseptic to reduce itching&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Corticosteroid cream on the bites will help reduce itching&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>Bedbugs generally disappear after a week or two of treatment. However, if over-the-counter treatments are not effective, or if individuals develop an allergic reaction, a doctor may prescribe the following:&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Antihistamine injection&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Corticosteroids&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Epinephrine for allergic reaction&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Antiseptic or antibiotic cream&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Corticosteroids and antihistamine for severe itching&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>If you have a bedbug infestation in your home, you will also need to spray insecticides and hire a pest control company to get rid of the infestation.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

Conclusion

<p>Scabies mites can live on bedding, clothes, and towels for up to two days. To make sure that the mites are killed, wash any sheets or clothing used by the person affected by mites with hot water and dry it with a hot dryer. The sheets and clothing can also be sent for dry-cleaning. Similarly, items that cannot be washed right away should be placed in a sealed plastic bag for at least seven days to avoid contamination.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>When getting rid of bedbugs, begin with cleaning up the area of infestation by doing the following:<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Clean bedding, curtains, and clothing in hot water and dry them in the hottest dryer setting. If you don&rsquo;t own a dryer, send the things for dry-cleaning. Things that can&rsquo;t be put in a dryer or sent for dry cleaning, for example, shoes, stuffed animals, and other such items, should be soaked in hot water for 30 minutes.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Scrub mattresses with a stiff brush, and vacuum to remove bedbugs and their eggs.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Vacuum the area surrounding the bed frequently. After vacuuming, make sure that the vacuum cleaner bag is disposed of in a garbage can outdoors<br />
	.&nbsp;</li>
	<li>To keep the bedbugs from escaping or entering, encase the mattress in a zippered cover. Bedbugs can live on mattresses for up to a year, keeping it covered will make sure that the bedbugs in the mattress are dead.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Declutter around the bed.<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li>Repair any cracks in the walls or floor to get rid of places the bedbugs can hide.<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li>If your mattress is infested with bedbugs, you may want to invest in a new one. But make sure that you get rid of the bedbugs in your home, or they will infest your new mattress.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
	<li>When cleaning up the infested areas, using chemical treatments is also helpful. However, insecticides can be harmful. Therefore, it is important that you use products that can be used safely in bedrooms. The safest option is to hire an experienced pest controller for bed bug extermination.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<ul><li>Both mites and bedbugs can be quite troubling for you and your family. While not life-threatening, these pests can cause itchy rashes which can be quite uncomfortable.&nbsp;</li><li><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2px;">If you suspect either scabies or bedbugs, it is important that you immediately get rid of the mites and bedbugs.&nbsp;</span></li><li><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2px;">If needed, call a professional pest controller.</span></li><li><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2px;">It is also essential that you visit a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment of the bites.&nbsp;<br><br></span></li></ul>

[1].Gilson, R.L. and Crane, J.S., 2021. Scabies. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.

A Basic Skincare Guide For Men

<p>Basic skincare is gender neutral: cleanse, exfoliate, and moisturise. But since men have more testosterone in their bodies, male skin tends to be thicker and oilier. This texture slows down the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, which means that men have a reduced need to apply <a href="https://merisehat.pk/article/collagen-the-secret-to-healthy-skin-hair-and-bones">collagen synthesisers</a>, such as retinol, but an increased need to exfoliate and cleanse.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

Skincare Guide for Men

<p dir="ltr">The primary form of skincare for men is actually hygiene maintenance.&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>A good quality cleanser will clean up the top layer of the skin;&nbsp;</li>
	<li>An exfoliator will scoop out dead skin cells, excess oil, and dirt from the pores;&nbsp;</li>
	<li>A moisturiser will restore any essential oil that&rsquo;s been accidentally washed down the drain.&nbsp;</li>
	<li>But since the under-eye area is thinner in texture, men notice the first signs of aging here. This makes under-eye creams and serums a good investment.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<h5><strong>What About The Beard?</strong></h5>

<p>Another important aspect of male skincare is the presence or absence of facial hair. People who shave typically use an antiseptic substance, known as aftershave, immediately after. This closes up the pores and kills off any harmful bacteria that might invade the exposed epidermis (top layer of the skin).&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">However, experts believe that there&rsquo;s actually no real need to apply an aftershave because the same germ and bacteria can be killed with a good splash of soapy water. The same experts also believe that alcohol-based aftershaves are detrimental in the long-term, not to mention painful to use, as they will strip the skin of essential oils.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">If needed, natural bactericides, such as coconut and jojoba oil, can be a good alternative to the infamous sting.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Beard Dandruff (Seborrheic Dermatitis)</strong></h5>

<p dir="ltr">If you don&rsquo;t shave at all, you&rsquo;d want to work harder at cleaning out dead skin and dirt from underneath the beard. Otherwise, you&rsquo;d end up with seborrheic dermatitis, which sounds like a terrible disease, but is actually just another name for pesky beard dandruff. One way to prevent this is to apply steam (through a hot shower or a warm, wet washcloth); it softens the skin underneath the beard and makes it easier to exfoliate and cleanse<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Gender Neutrality And The Essential Difference</strong></h5>

<p dir="ltr">At the end of the day, basic skincare is extremely gender neutral and revolves around maintaining a good hygiene and delaying premature aging due to UV rays. The idea that skincare is a feminine enterprise is dated and was rooted simply in the aforementioned texture.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">The perennial &ldquo;lesser effort&rdquo; in maintaining male skin exists only in one direction - moisturizing and inducing collagen production-, and the other one (keeping it clean) requires twice as much work, especially with the presence of facial hair.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">Additionally, since male skin has larger pores, due to the aforementioned sebaceous glands, men who prefer to reduce their appearance can and should use serums for enlarged pores. Everyone has a right to optimise their physical appearance without being shamed for it, especially with something as basic as this. The best way to do it, however, is to understand the science &mdash; or inner workings &mdash; of our respective skin types and address whatever problem naturally occurs.</p>

The Health Benefits For Aloe Vera

<p>The popular medicinal plant aloe vera has been around for a very long time. Although it is well known for treating skin injuries, it also offers additional health advantages. The thick aloe vera plant is covered in a gel-like material that is extracted to use externally or is ingested for its health benefits.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It has been called everything from the &lsquo;miracle plant&rsquo; to the &lsquo;first-aid plant&rsquo; and even the &lsquo;plant of immortality&rsquo; in numerous cultures.</p>

<p>Aloe vera can be applied topically in the form of gel or cream, or it can be consumed orally in the form of juice or capsules. Additionally, you can eat the gel straight from the aloe vera plant. As with anything, it is recommended to <a href="https://merisehat.pk/doctor-now">consult a doctor</a> or&nbsp; healthcare provider before using aloe vera for nutritional benefits.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Let&rsquo;s read about some of the health benefits of the Aloe Vera plant:<br />
&nbsp;</p>

Health Benefits for Aloe Vera

<h5><strong>Aids In Healing Your Skin</strong></h5>

<p>The most common use of the aloe vera plant is in treating sunburn. It can also be used to treat wounds, more serious burns, pressure ulcers, psoriasis and acne. Aloe vera releases a protein that protects the skin from the damaging effects of UV radiation. In certain cases, Aloe vera has been effective for third-degree burns by healing the wound faster and restoring the skin.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Aids In Digestion And&nbsp; Improving Gut Health</strong></h5>

<p>Aloe vera is known for its anti-laxative properties. If taken in a controlled manner it can help in relieving constipation. The compounds in aloe vera help in pulling the water into the intestine which, in turn, helps in the easy passing of stool. Ulcers are common in people with digestion problems, which can be cured by plant extracts. Studies have have also shown that aloe vera has healing properties towards Crohn&rsquo;s disease (a type of inflammatory bowel disease) and other digestion problems.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Improves Oral Health</strong></h5>

<p>The anti-inflammatory properties of aloe vera help in reducing the incidence of gum disease including gingivitis and bleeding gums. Tooth decay and oral diseases are very common in our society. One way to prevent these diseases is to avoid the build-up of plaque on our teeth. In a controlled trial of 300 individuals, an anti-septic mouthwash was compared with aloe vera. The results showed that aloe vera was as effective in controlling the plaque as the standard mouthwash.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Lowers Blood Sugar Levels</strong></h5>

<p>Aloe vera has been used conventionally in controlling blood sugar levels. It enhances insulin sensitivity and improves the uptake of glucose from the blood into the cells. Some studies have shown the beneficial effects of aloe vera in controlling blood sugar levels, but these studies aren&rsquo;t as effective and solid in proving their claims.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Aids In Hydration</strong></h5>

<p>Aloe vera has a very hydrating effect. Hydration helps the body flush out toxins and impurities. This also helps in the proper functioning of the body&rsquo;s organs, which is very important as the liver and kidneys are responsible for removing impurities from the blood and producing urine.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Aloe vera is known for its healing properties and has been used therapeutically. It can be taken in capsule form, juice as well as gel form. The most common use of aloe vera is on the skin. It can heal severe burns and promote faster healing of the skin. Other common benefits include hydration, improving oral health, and digestive issues.</p>

Namwer Rao

Collagen: Your Ticket to Radiant Skin and Strong Joints!

<p>Hey there, fellow health enthusiasts! Ever wondered what makes your skin stay plump and your joints move without a creak? It&#39;s all thanks to our body&#39;s best-kept secret: collagen! Think of it as your body&#39;s natural glue that holds everything together, from your skin to your bones. Let&#39;s dive into the fascinating world of collagen and explore why it&#39;s the real MVP of your health and beauty routine.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

Benefits Galore

<p>Imagine collagen as the scaffolding that keeps your body&#39;s structure intact. It&#39;s the most abundant protein in our bodies, giving structure and elasticity to our skin, tendons, ligaments, and even our bones. It&#39;s like the superhero costume that keeps everything tight, smooth, and working smoothly.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Benefits Galore</strong></h5>

<ol>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Glowing Skin:</strong> You know that youthful, plump skin we all adore? Collagen is the secret sauce behind it. As we age, our collagen production takes a dip, resulting in those pesky wrinkles and sagging skin. By incorporating collagen into your routine, you&#39;re giving your skin the boost it needs to stay radiant and firm. Hello, fountain of youth!</li>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Joint Support:</strong> Ever felt like your joints could use a little extra love, especially after a workout? Collagen is your go-to ally. It provides the cushioning your joints need to stay flexible and pain-free. Whether you&#39;re an athlete or just someone who wants to dance through life, collagen has your back... and knees, and hips!</li>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Hair And Nails:</strong> Want strong, luscious hair and nails that are the envy of everyone? Collagen plays a role here too. It helps your hair grow thicker and stronger while keeping your nails from becoming brittle. Say goodbye to bad hair days and chipped nails!</li>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Gut Health:</strong> Who knew that collagen could also be a gut hero? Collagen contains amino acids that support a healthy gut lining, which can help soothe digestive issues and promote a happy belly.</li>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Muscle Mass:</strong> Fitness buffs, this one&#39;s for you! Collagen supports muscle growth and repair, making it a fantastic supplement to complement your workouts. Show off those gains with pride!<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ol>

<h5><strong>How To Get Your Collagen Fix</strong></h5>

<ol>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Diet:</strong> Load up on collagen-rich foods like bone broth, chicken skin, fish, and egg whites. These natural sources provide your body with the building blocks it needs to produce collagen.</li>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Supplements:</strong> Collagen supplements come in various forms &ndash; powders, pills, and even gummies. They&#39;re an easy way to boost your collagen intake, especially if your diet falls a bit short.</li>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Skincare:</strong> Check out skincare products that contain collagen-boosting ingredients like Vitamin C and hyaluronic acid. Your skin will thank you for the extra TLC!</li>
	<li><strong>&nbsp;Stay Hydrated:</strong> Collagen loves water, so make sure you&#39;re staying hydrated. Water helps keep your skin plump and supports the overall health of your body&#39;s collagen.<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ol>

<p>Collagen is the real deal when it comes to maintaining vibrant skin, strong joints, and overall well-being. It&#39;s the superhero protein that keeps you looking and feeling your best, no matter your age or lifestyle. So go ahead, embrace the collagen goodness &ndash; your body will thank you with a radiant glow and a skip in your step!</p>

HIFU For Skin Tightening

The HIFU

<p><span style="color:#000000">HIFU stands for High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound. It is a medical technology that uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy targeted tissue in the body without the need for surgery or incisions.</span></p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">HIFU can be used in a variety of medical applications, including the treatment of certain types of cancer, such as prostate cancer and uterine fibroids, as well as cosmetic procedures, such as skin tightening and wrinkle reduction.</span></p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">During a HIFU procedure, an ultrasound probe is placed on the skin, and high-frequency sound waves are focused on a specific area of tissue. The sound waves generate heat, which destroys the tissue in the targeted area. HIFU is typically a non-invasive procedure, meaning it does not require incisions or anesthesia, and can be performed on an outpatient basis.</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

Mechanism of Skin Tightening

<p><span style="color:#000000">When the ultrasound waves are absorbed by the targeted tissue, they create heat that triggers a natural wound healing response in the body.</span></p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">As part of this response, the body produces new<a href="https://merisehat.pk/article/the-fountain-of-youth-exploring-the-benefits-of-collagen-supplementation-for-older-adults"> collagen</a>, a protein that provides structural support to the skin. The new collagen helps to tighten and lift the skin, reducing sagging and improving overall skin texture and tone.</span></p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">Over time, as the body continues to produce new collagen, the effects of the HIFU treatment can continue to improve. This makes HIFU a popular non-invasive alternative to surgical facelifts and other cosmetic procedures that require more extensive downtime and recovery.</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">HIFU is used for skin tightening by delivering focused ultrasound energy to the deeper layers of the skin. This helps to stimulate the production of new collagen, a protein that provides structural support to the skin.</span></p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">The HIFU procedure typically involves the use of a handheld device that emits ultrasound waves. The device is applied to the skin, and the ultrasound waves are focused on the targeted area, typically the face, neck, or chest.</span></p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">During the procedure, the patient may experience a slight tingling or warming sensation as the ultrasound waves penetrate the skin. The treatment typically takes between 30 minutes to an hour to complete, depending on the size of the area being treated.</span></p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">After the procedure, the patient may experience some mild redness or swelling, but there is typically no downtime required. The results of the HIFU treatment can be seen gradually over time as the body produces new collagen.</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

Risks

<p>HIFU is generally considered safe for skin tightening, and the risks associated with the procedure are typically mild and temporary. However, as with any medical procedure, there are some potential risks and side effects to consider. These can include:<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>Pain or discomfort during the procedure</li>
	<li>Redness, swelling, or bruising in the treated area</li>
	<li>Temporary numbness or tingling in the treated area</li>
	<li>Rarely, blisters or burns on the skin</li>
	<li>In very rare cases, scarring or nerve damage<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

<p>It&#39;s important to note that the risks of HIFU may be increased if the procedure is performed by an unqualified practitioner or if the patient has pre-existing medical conditions that may increase their risk of complications.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="color:#000000">To minimize the risks associated with HIFU, it&#39;s important to choose a qualified healthcare professional who has experience performing the procedure. Additionally, patients should follow all pre- and post-procedure instructions provided by their healthcare provider to ensure the best possible outcome and minimize the risk of complications.</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

Shaving Your Face

<p>Let us give you the low-down on another procedure that removes hair, or the &lsquo;fuzz&rsquo; on your face and other areas easily and effortlessly.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>What Is Dermaplaning? </strong></h5>

<p>Dermaplaning is a skin procedure that uses a microblade (aka, an exfoliant blade) to remove dead skin cells and soft hair, the &lsquo;peach fuzz&rsquo; from your face. This skin treatment can restore the appearance of vitality on your face by making your skin smoother and more radiant.</p>

<p>Dermaplaning may also be helpful in treating deep-seated <a href="https://merisehat.pk/disease/acne">acne marks</a>, wrinkles, fine lines, and hyperpigmentation. A chemical peel is usually added after dermaplaning to maximize its effect.</p>

<p>If performed by an experienced and certified dermatologist, the risk of side effects is almost nil.</p>

<p>As for the recovery time, there is no downtime required. You don&rsquo;t really need to take time off or restrict yourself in anyway, which makes dermaplaning an attractive option. However, the challenging part is to find an expert who can administer this treatment effectively.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>People with the following skin types can also go for dermaplaning:</p>

<ul>
	<li>Sun-damaged skin</li>
	<li>Wrinkles</li>
	<li>Dull or dry skin</li>
	<li>Uneven skin tone</li>
	<li>Acne marks<br />
	&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

Dermaplaning

<h5><strong>How It Works</strong></h5>

<p>The tool used for dermaplaning is like the razor that you would use for your body hair removal. The underlying concept is that of shaving, except in this procedure you place the dermaplaning blade at an angle of 45 degrees and gently drag it across your skin. This is done to remove dead skin cells, scar tissue, and soft hair from your face.</p>

<p>Daily exposure to the sun and dust can damage your skin. Consistent long-term exposure can make your skin look aged and dull. Dermaplaning removes the dead cells from the skin and allows new cells to grow, which makes the skin look younger and clearer.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>What To Expect</strong></h5>

<p>First of all, the session is pain-free. You may only feel a tingling sensation during your procedure.</p>

<p>Initially, you will lie down in a comfortable chair. To ease the tingling sensation, numbing options might be available. This may include a spray or local anesthesia mixed with an oral sedative.</p>

<p>Once you are comfortable, your treatment provider will use an electronic or manual exfoliant blade and place it on your skin at an angle of 45 &mdash; the degree to scrap off the dead cells from your face. This will last for about 30 minutes.</p>

<p>Once the treatment is done, your provider will apply any skin soothing or cooling cream like aloe to protect your skin.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Risk And Side Effects</strong></h5>

<p>Dermaplaning is a minimal-risk procedure. Side effects are not that common and can include a bit of redness on the face a few hours after the treatment. Some people can also develop whiteheads on their face, a day or two after dermaplaning.</p>

<p>Infection and scarring are uncommon, but they can happen. To treat the scar-tissue a doctor may need to inject a steroid injection to ease the scars from dermaplaning.</p>

<p>Another potential side effect is patchy skin pigmentation in the treated area, which may fade or vanish with time.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Pros Of Dermaplaning</strong></h5>

<p>Normal hair growth: Dermaplaning is a temporary hair removal solution. The new hair that comes back is normal, not thicker. This is because in this procedure the hair is cut from the base and not the root.</p>

<p>Radiant skin: Dermaplaning enhances skin texture and tone by removing dead skin cells and stimulating the growth of new ones. Additionally, it can aid in removing any post-inflammatory scars brought on by acne or an injury. Additionally, dermaplaning eliminates unwanted hair, creating a smooth, hair-free basis for makeup applications that appear even more flawless.</p>

<p>Budget-friendly option: Overall, this is a low-cost skin treatment as compared to other skin procedures. You can also buy a dermaplaning kit at home and by following the guidelines properly after consultation with the expert.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<h5><strong>Cons Of Dermaplaning</strong></h5>

<p>Skin infection: With the exfoliant blade there are chances of small nicks and cuts, which can lead to skin infection or a scar. This risk can increase if the service provider isn&rsquo;t a professional. Excessive dermaplaning can lead to dry skin which will be more prone to sunburn. Before getting it done, always consult a licensed dermaplaning expert to decide the best course of action.</p>

<p>Temporary hair removal solution: People who use dermaplaning for hair removal won&rsquo;t see the same results they would with waxing or laser hair removal because the hair is not removed from the root. As a result of the individual&rsquo;s hair growth cycle, results for hair removal may also differ.</p>

<p>Not suitable for everyone: People with cystic or active acne are not suitable candidates for dermaplaning. Also, individuals with hirsutism (excessive hair growth in females) should avoid dermaplaning.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dermaplaning is a low-cost and low-risk procedure that is a good option for anyone looking to rejuvenate their skin. While at-home kits are available, it is recommended to visit a licensed professional to get it done because small cuts and nicks can lead to skin infection and irritation.</p>

<p>The internet contains a diverse plethora of multi-step regimens for make-up prep and its consequent removal. But good quality make-up-related skincare doesn&rsquo;t have to be taxing on the wallet. And it certainly shouldn&rsquo;t include creating mnemonics for the sequence of all the products you need to apply.</p>

<p>Good quality make-up-related <a href="https://merisehat.pk/article/how-to-layer-skincare">skincare </a>is simple. And it&rsquo;s not so different from simply staying hygienic. In this article, the author will explain how to prepare your skin for flawless make-up application and then how to take it off.&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;</p>

Before and After Make-up

<p>There are five steps to make-up preparation: cleanse, exfoliate, tone, moisturize, and prime:</p>

<ul>
	<li><strong>Cleanse:</strong><strong> </strong>This cleans the top or outermost layer of the skin, removes dead skin cells, and kills off harmful bacteria.&nbsp;</li>
	<li><strong>Exfoliate:</strong> This cleans out the pores, further removes any leftover dead skin, and erases excess oil.</li>
	<li><strong>Tone:</strong> This is a final attempt to clean up any dirt or harmful bacteria that&rsquo;s left over. It also closes the pores which open up during exfoliation (this delays aging in the long term).&nbsp;</li>
	<li><strong>Moisturize:</strong><strong> </strong>Since the three-step cleaning tends to strip the skin of essential oil, a moisturizer restores oil levels to optimum.&nbsp;</li>
	<li><strong>Prime:</strong><strong> </strong>This is the only step that&rsquo;s relevant only to make-up and allows for smooth application by creating an even texture throughout the face and neck (the primer creates a top layer that covers any uneven pores)</li>
</ul>

<p>So, the first four steps of make-up prep are actually just basic skincare and hygiene maintenance. Only the last step is associated strictly with make-up application.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">With make-up removal, the roles are reversed; here, only the first step is relevant strictly to make-up while the rest are exactly the same: remove, cleanse, exfoliate, tone, moisturize.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">There is a vast variety of make-up removers in local and international markets and finding the right one for your skin type requires a bit of trial and error. However, you&rsquo;d want to purchase an eye make-up remover separately due to the difference in skin texture and the presence of eye lashes in the area.<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">The best way to remove make-up is to use the product with a cotton swab. This is because cotton swabs are more absorptive than paper towels and will remove more quantities of your make-up faster. You can gently run the swab in outward motions along your face while using the nose as a center point; this will ensure that the motions along your skin are in the same direction as the blood streams underneath and will prevent unnecessary muscular tension.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">This author recommends using coconut oil as a make-up remover; it is a natural bactericide, hydrates and is extremely gentle on the skin, stimulates collagen production, evens out the skin tone, reduces inflammation, and provides antioxidants. In fact, coconut oil can also be applied in small quantities as a moisturizer or as a base for exfoliation. This is because it makes it easier to remove dead skin and dirt from the pores.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">In conclusion, make-up prep and removal is one and the same except that in the former, it requires a topical layer whereas the latter requires removing that layer and what&rsquo;s beyond it.&nbsp;</p>